For now I was able to achieve it by adding this to my function:
$slug_to_check = 'my-child-slug';
// go through each child page we found
foreach( $child_pages as $child_page ) {
// get the slug of this child page we found
$child_slug = $child_page->post_name;
// get the link of this child page we found
$child_link = get_page_link( $child_page->ID );
// if the child page we found has the slug we want
if($child_slug === $slug_to_check) {
// output the child page link
$response="Yes, this parent has a child page that we are looking for.";
}
}