Development workflow for WordPress using git – issues with plugins and bloginfo(‘wpurl’)

Question

bloginfo/get_bloginfo use site_url to retrieve the wpurl value, site_url provides the site_url filter, so you should be able to use that filter to alter the output.

function alter_site_url_wpse_107701($url) {
  return str_replace('/core/wordpress','/core',$url);
}
add_filter('site_url','alter_site_url_wpse_107701');

I am guessing a bit at exactly what you need to replace, but I think that is close.