Displaying a custom post type and an archive page

I think you are searching for custom page-template.

Make yourself a page-customarchive.php and name her in the top of the file.:

    <?php
    /*
    Template Name: customarchive
    */

//Your custom query for this post_type

Put her in your theme directory

Then make a new Page in WordPress and pick from the right side the template you just made.

Now get the Permalink of this Page and put it in your “single-cpt_article.php”, where you want to provide the link.