enqueue_parent_style

I think if you change your wp_enqueue_style to the one below it will work perfectly. This is the way I do it inside my own functions.php file.

function wpse_scripts() {
    // Theme Stylesheet
    wp_enqueue_style('style', get_stylesheet_uri());
}
add_action('wp_enqueue_scripts', 'wpse_scripts');

Although you can do it the way your doing it, it’s just you’ve added a / before your style.css and you don’t need that. By adding the / your script is looking for a folder called style.css

function wpse_scripts() {
    // Theme Stylesheet
    wp_enqueue_style('style', get_stylesheet_directory_uri() . 'style.css');
}
add_action('wp_enqueue_scripts', 'wpse_scripts');

The way your doing it would be done like this

Here are some places to start when changing your functions.php in your child theme.

Child Theme