get variables data from functions.php to template wordpress (without global variables)

You have to think into the opposite direction: Don’t pull the variables from the template, push them into it. Templates should be as simple as possible, the shouldn’t know anything about the content of the rest of your code, for example function names.

In other words: use hooks.

In your template:

// the numbers are just context examples
do_action( 'something', 'one' );
do_action( 'something', 'two' );
do_action( 'something', 'three' );

In your functions.php, you add a callback to that action:

// 1, 2, 3 are your variables
add_action( 'something', function( $context ) {
    switch ( $context )
    {
        case 'one':
            echo 1;
            break;
        case 'two':
            echo 2;
            break;
        case 'three':
            echo 3;
            break;
        default:
            echo 'Context parameter is wrong!';
    }
});

You can of course also echo more than one line and do some more complex stuff in the callback handler.