Your theme’s text domain is defined in your Theme Header in style.css
. For example:
/*
* Plugin Name: My Plugin
* Author: Otto
* Text Domain: my-plugin
*/
The text domain should match your theme’s ‘slug’ (ie. the name of the folder where your theme is stored).
Read more: https://codex.wordpress.org/I18n_for_WordPress_Developers#Text_Domains