How do I change the home page to the registered user’s profile page

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Check that your are on the home page, and that the user is logged in, and redirect if both are true:

function redir_user_wpse_187622() {
  if (is_home() && is_user_logged_in()) {
    $user_id = get_current_user_id();
    wp_safe_redirect(get_author_posts_url( $user_id));
  }
}
add_action('template_redirect','redir_user_wpse_187622');