How do I query_posts in cat=1 AND not in cat=2

by

First, never use query_posts, use WP_Query for additional queries, or pre_get_posts to alter the main query.

Refer to WP_Query in Codex for a complete list of available arguments. You want to use category__not_in in this case:

$args = array(
    'category__in' => array(1),
    'category__not_in' => array(2)
);
$query = new WP_Query( $args );