Insert post in another database

You could avoid SQL altogether and use the XML-RPC API. This would also let you post to remote wordpress installs too.

( note if XML-RPC is not an option, scroll further down )

If Using XML-RPC

Here’s some code from a quick google search using XML-RPC to post to a remote WordPress blog:

http://en.forums.wordpress.com/topic/great-code-for-remote-posting?replies=5

Here’s a simpler set of examples with an explanation of the XML-RPC APIs

http://life.mysiteonline.org/archives/161-Automatic-Post-Creation-with-Wordpress,-PHP,-and-XML-RPC.html

And here’s an example from WP-Recipes using Curl and XML-RPC:

http://www.wprecipes.com/post-on-your-wordpress-blog-using-php

function wpPostXMLRPC($title,$body,$rpcurl,$username,$password,$category,$keywords="",$encoding='UTF-8') {
    $title = htmlentities($title,ENT_NOQUOTES,$encoding);
    $keywords = htmlentities($keywords,ENT_NOQUOTES,$encoding);

    $content = array(
        'title'=>$title,
        'description'=>$body,
        'mt_allow_comments'=>0,  // 1 to allow comments
        'mt_allow_pings'=>0,  // 1 to allow trackbacks
        'post_type'=>'post',
        'mt_keywords'=>$keywords,
        'categories'=>array($category)
    );
    $params = array(0,$username,$password,$content,true);
    $request = xmlrpc_encode_request('metaWeblog.newPost',$params);
    $ch = curl_init();
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $request);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $rpcurl);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 1);
    $results = curl_exec($ch);
    curl_close($ch);
    return $results;
?>

If afterall that XML-RPC is not for you

Perhaps a wordpress multisite might be best for you? Creating the new post would be as simple as calling switch_to_blog($blog_id); then doing your business creating the new post, before calling restore_current_blog();

If you MUST use SQL

Use this question linked to by mike23 in order to gain access via a wpdb object

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