As @Sally CJ noted in the comment to your question, you should just omit the meta key:
$meta = get_post_meta( $post->ID, '', true );
echo $meta['car_year']; // 2005
In PHP 7.1 you can use array destructing:
[
'image_meta' => $image_meta,
'car_year' => $car_year,
'car_mileage' => $car_mileage,
'car_price' => $car_price,
'car_model' => $car_model,
] = get_post_meta( $post->ID, '', true );
echo $car_year; // 2005