Built in to the current version of WordPress there is “Remote Publishing” settings for Atom or XML-RPC, but that is geared towards programs that help you blog outside of your WordPress control panel. You can configure it in the Settings > Writing area of your site’s WordPress dashboard.
If you want to publish the content of an RSS feed to your WordPress site, you will need a “re-feeding” plugin such as FeedWordPress: http://feedwordpress.radgeek.com/
Maybe you were thinking of publishing remotely as in a mobile app? Email is still probably the best route, but there are probably blogging apps, and they might need the Atom / XML-RPC setup to work with your site.