Remove words from permalink when saving post automatically?

To update the slug of posts when they’re published, hook to save_post action as in this answer. Also use sanitize_title() to perform the needed sensitization:

add_action( 'save_post', 'wpse325979_save_post_callback', 10, 2 );

function wpse325979_save_post_callback( $post_id, $post ) {

    // verify post is not a revision
    if ( ! wp_is_post_revision( $post_id ) ) {

        // unhook this function to prevent infinite looping
        remove_action( 'save_post', 'wpse325979_save_post_callback' );

        $title = $post->post_title;
        // remove forbidden keywords
        $forbidden = array('~certain~i', '~permalink~i'); //i modifier for case insensitive
        $title = preg_replace($forbidden, '', $title);

        // update the post slug
        $slug = sanitize_title($title);

        wp_update_post( array(
            'ID' => $post_id,
            'post_name' => $slug 
        ));

        // re-hook this function
        add_action( 'save_post', 'wpse325979_save_post_callback' );

    }
}