Faster! My local WAMP install is SLOW, no matter CPU, RAM & SSD! Dedicated VPS solutions are x times faster than a local install.
This isn’t right. Typical hosting out there would be resource–limited and much inferior in performance to a decent desktop. You just might configuration issues or overestimate your hardware (time for upgrade? 🙂
Staging sites are created on the fly in a bunch of seconds with the most current data. No more bulky DB exports to the local dev. site
This really depends on how often you want to spin up new sites. I barely spin up one every few months and (if needed) I could make it just as fast, it’s highly scriptable.
The majority of domain-licensed plugins will keep working while offline versions won’t
If plugin doesn’t offer development mode I would take it as a strong hint to look for a more professional alternative.
Although locally developing, an Internet connection is required
I am not sure why/how this is under advantages? Local development can be isolated and work just fine while offline. Remote by definition cannot.
To bring it all a bit into WP context — I would say it is highly suitable for both spinning sites up and moving things around. Absolute URLs make it for easy migrations, and kinks like editing serialized data are long worked out in tools.
Do what makes sense to you, but local dev is here to stay and will probably be staple technique for a very long time (until computing as a whole moves on to being completely networked). 🙂