the_content() Returns post content when I want page content

When you configure your blog (posts) page under Settings > Reading, that page becomes nothing more than a placeholder – in other words, you won’t be able to grab it’s title/content within index.php without a little trickery:

if ( $page_id = get_option( 'page_for_posts' ) ) {
    echo get_the_title( $page_id );

    // the_content() doesn't accept a post ID parameter
    if ( $post = get_post( $page_id ) ) {
        setup_postdata( $post ); //  "posts" page is now current post for most template tags        
        the_content();
        wp_reset_postdata(); // So everything below functions as normal
    }
}