Updating options into the wp database performance

update_option() does this for you already:

// If the new and old values are the same, no need to update.
if ( $value === $old_value )
    return false;

No need to worry about it. 🙂

Note that if you have a lot of options, which are not autoloaded, this might cause excessive read queries. This applies to general operation too, not just updates.