The makepot code being used on WordPress.org is a slightly older version that we have not updated yet, specifically with this fix:
https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/25665
Basically, it’s only looking in stripe.php for your main plugin lines, not searching for and then finding stripe-checkout.php.
This was fixed in the developer tools 7 weeks ago:
https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/27399
But the change has not propagated to everywhere yet.