WordPress missing user roles on local dev machine. Live site works fine

I just exported the live database, replaced all occurences of the live
siteurl with the local one, and imported on my dev machine.

Finding/replacing with a text editor breaks serialized data; you must change values with MySQL queries in phpmyadmin:

UPDATE wp_options SET option_value = replace(option_value, 'http://www.olddomain.com/', 'http://www.newdomain.com/') WHERE option_name="home" OR option_name="siteurl";

UPDATE wp_posts SET guid = replace(guid, 'http://www.olddomain.com/blog/','http://www.newdomain.com/');

UPDATE wp_posts SET post_content = replace(post_content, 'http://www.olddomain.com/blog/', 'http://www.newdomain.com/');

UPDATE wp_postmeta SET meta_value = replace(meta_value, 'http://www.olddomain.com/blog/', 'http://www.newdomain.com/');