The new block editor gives lots of possibilities to arrange information inside one post. What you are asking for is the arrangement of multiple posts. That’s not a task for the block editor but for the theme.
So, for your question: it depends on the theme whether this is possible. If you are designing your own theme, it is a matter of applying the right css to the post containers. This is a matter of your html/css skills, so it is not WordPress specific and hence outside the scope of this site. You may want to take a look at flexbox, though.