wp_localize_script not passing the data

As it stands, your shortcode will be executed after wp_enqueue_scripts — when the post content is output. That’s why the data isn’t available to your scripts during wp_enqueue_scripts for wp_localize_script.

wp_enqueue_script( string $handle, string $src = false, array $deps = array(), string|bool|null $ver = false, bool $in_footer = false )

You would;

A) Need to gather your shortcode attributes ahead of time.

B) Put your custom script in the footer and output <script> data during the shortcode’s output.

C) Put your custom script in the footer and output inline js during wp_print_footer_scripts. You may need to wrap your custom scripts in closures to execute after localize has been added.

D) Locallize during the shortcode

---

Here is an example of localizing during the shortcode:

function some_shortcode( $atts )
{
    $data = shortcode_atts(
        array (
            'arrows' => TRUE
        ),
        $atts
    );

    wp_enqueue_script( 'your_script_name' );

    wp_localize_script(
        'your_script_name',
        'yourScriptObject',
        $data
    );

    return 'a string of whatever';
}