First of all don’t require to hesitate your self as beginner in wordpress.
Second, for category listing with according posts you need to do something like below:
<ul class="et_pb_tabs_controls clearfix tab-ul">
<?php
dynamic_sidebar('sidebar');
$cate_id=get_query_var('cat');
global $sitepress;
$paged = ( get_query_var('page') ) ? get_query_var('page') : 1;
$sitepress->switch_lang( $sitepress->get_default_language() );
$args = array(
'type' => 'post',
'child_of' => 0,
'parent' => '',
'orderby' => 'name',
'order' => 'DESC',
'hide_empty' => 1,
'hierarchical' => 1,
'exclude' => 1,
'include' => '',
'number' => '',
'taxonomy' => 'category',
'pad_counts' => false
);
$flag=0;
$inc=0;
foreach (get_categories( $args ) as $category):
$flag=($inc==0)?0:1;
if( !is_array($cate_id) && $cate_id=="")
$category_arr[]= $category->term_id;
?>
<li class="et_pb_tab_0 <?php echo ($flag==0)? 'et_pb_tab_active':'';?>"><a href="#<?php echo $category->name; ?>"><?php echo $category->name; ?></a></li>
<?php
$inc++;
endforeach; ?>
</ul>
<?php foreach ($category_arr as $category_id):
$arr=array(
'post_type' => 'post',
'order'=>"ASC",
'cat'=>$category_id,
'posts_per_page' => -1,
'paged' => $current_page,
'suppress_filters' => false
);
$wpb_all_query = new WP_Query($arr); ?>
<div class=" et_pb_row et_pb_row_1 full-width">
<?php if ( $wpb_all_query->have_posts() ) :
$increment=0;
while ( $wpb_all_query->have_posts() ) :
if(($increment%3)==0){
echo '</div><div class=" et_pb_row et_pb_row_1 full-width">';
}
$wpb_all_query->the_post();
?>
<div class="et_pb_column et_pb_column_1_3 et_pb_column_1">
<div class="et_pb_posts et_pb_module et_pb_bg_layout_light et_pb_blog_0">
<div class="entry box">
<!--If no results are found-->
<?php $post_link= get_permalink(); ?>
<?php $img_path=get_the_post_thumbnail(); ?>
<?php $url = wp_get_attachment_url( get_post_thumbnail_id()); ?>
<a href="<?php echo $post_link;?>">
<?php if($url !=""){
?>
<img src="<?php echo $url; ?>" alt="">
<?php } ?>
</a>
<a href="<?php echo $post_link;?>"><h1><?php the_title(); ?></h1></a>
<p class="box-content"><?php echo(get_the_excerpt()); ?></p>
<div class="profile-box">
<img src="<?php bloginfo('template_url'); ?>/img/profile-icon.png" alt="" id="" data-height-percentage="54" data-actual-width="18" data-actual-height="28">
<div class="pro-name"><h4><?php echo get_the_author(); ?></h4>
<span><?php echo get_the_date(); ?></span>
</div>
</div>
</div><!--End if no results are found-->
</div> <!-- .et_pb_posts -->
</div><!-- .et_pb_column -->
<?php
$increment++;
endwhile;
wp_reset_postdata();
endif;
?>
</div>