Take a look at meta.php:777:
... CAST($alias.meta_value AS {$meta_type}) {$meta_compare} {$meta_compare_string})...
So if you want to use DATE comparisons, you should use MySQL compatible date formats (YYYY-MM-DD).
Change this part of your code:
array(
'key' => 'date',
'value' => date("Y/m/d"),
'compare' => '>=',
'type' => 'DATE'
),
to:
array(
'key' => 'date',
'value' => date("Y-m-d"), // <- change
'compare' => '>=',
'type' => 'DATE'
),
and it should work just fine.