Custom Post Type Dynamically Updates other Custom Post Type

I would recommend against updating both custom post types in this way. Ultimately, you would be storing the same information in the database in two different ways.

Instead, pick one to be the master of this information. For example, let’s pick the vendor type. For each vendor, you could store (as post metadata) the product post IDs of each product sold by that vendor. Then if you need to look up which vendors sell a particular product, you would construct a query that would search the vendors for those that sell the product.

For example, let’s say that the vendor with post ID 123 sells the product with post ID 234.
You would add the metadata like this:

add_post_meta(123, 'product', 234);

To find all vendors selling a particular product, your query might look like this:

global $wpdb;
$selling_vendors = $wpdb->get_col( 
    $wpdb->prepare( 
        "SELECT post_id 
        FROM $wpdb->postmeta 
        WHERE meta_key = 'product' 
        AND meta_value = %d", 
        $product_post_id
    ) 
);

$product_post_id would contain the post ID of the product you are inquiring about. $selling_vendors would give you an array of the post IDs of the vendors selling that product.