You may not completely get out without using a template file. I might be wrong!!. But, by using get_template_part
in your single-product.php
you will be able to use page-three-column.php
file.
So in your single-product.php
something like this should do.
<?php get_template_part( 'page-three-column.php' ); ?>
You may refer to the Codex here.