Display Post Author for Custom Post Type in Edit-Post Screen

You can achieve this by using the add_post_type_support function as described here: https://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/add_post_type_support.

This code should work:

function add_author_support_to_posts() {
   add_post_type_support( 'your_custom_post_type', 'author' ); 
}
add_action( 'init', 'add_author_support_to_posts' );

It can be added in your theme’s function.php file.