Get the exact SQL query that get_posts() generated

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The get_posts() function creates an instance of WP_Query inside the function and simply returns the array of results. This WP_Query instance doesn’t override the global $wp_query and is out of scope by the time you need it. In short, I don’t see a way how you can get the requested SQL via get_posts().

An alternative is to simply create your own instance of WP_Query and pass your get_posts() arguments to it:

$query = new WP_Query( array(
    'post_type'         => 'inst',
    'post_status'       => 'publish'
    'posts_per_page'    => -1,
    'order'             => 'ASC',           // sort_order
    'orderby'           => 'post_title',    // sort_column
) );

That will give you the whole WP_Query object where you can output the SQL:

$query_sql = $query->request;

Finally, if you’re already creating a WP_Query you don’t need the get_posts() call at all at that point.

if( $query->have_posts() ) {

    while( $query->have_posts() ) {

        $query->the_post();
        the_content();

    }

    // Reset the global $wp_query to what it was originally.
    wp_reset_postdata();
}

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