HELP: Code To Check Status And Write Debug Entry

You can get the response code with wp_remote_retrieve_response_code() and log the response with error_log().

function my_better_uptime_heartbeat() {
    $worked = false;
    $response = wp_remote_get( 'https://betteruptime.com/api/v1/heartbeat/<heartbeat_ID>' );
    if ( ! is_wp_error( $response ) ) {
        if ( 200 == wp_remote_retrieve_response_code( $response ) ) {
            // It worked, no need to log anything.
            $worked = true;
        }
    }
    if ( ! $worked ) {
        // Logs the response that was received for debugging.
        error_log( print_r( $response, true ) );
    }
}
add_action( 'my_heartbeat', 'my_better_uptime_heartbeat' );

This should log failures to WordPress’ debug log, assuming that you’ve got something like the following in your site’s wp-config.php:

define( 'WP_DEBUG', true );
define( 'WP_DEBUG_DISPLAY', false );
define( 'WP_DEBUG_LOG', true );