Depends on the shortcode. If you have access to the shortcode’s handler function, that function’s second argument is the content inside the shortcode:
function wpse20136_shortcode( $atts, $content ){
// $content has the content inside xxx
}
register_shortcode( 'xxx', 'wpse20136_shortcode' );
For getting all content not in shortcodes, that’s easy. strip_shortcodes()
does that:
strip_shortcodes( get_the_content() );
for example, will give you the content of the current post with only the content not inside shortcodes.