How can I show different image links for different languages with qTranslate?

You can get the current language with qtranslate using the function qtrans_getLanguage(); and then use it like this for conditionally showing content:

    <?php  
        if ( qtrans_getLanguage() == 'en' ) {
          //put your code in here
        }
        elseif ( qtrans_getLanguage() == 'de' ) {
          //put your code in here
        }
    ?>