I finally got the solution. Below SQL Query gets the list of all categories with it’s ID from WordPress table –
SELECT wp_term_taxonomy.term_id, wp_terms.name FROM wp_term_relationships
LEFT JOIN wp_term_taxonomy ON (wp_term_relationships.term_taxonomy_id = wp_term_taxonomy.term_taxonomy_id)
LEFT JOIN wp_terms ON (wp_terms.term_id = wp_term_taxonomy.term_taxonomy_id)
WHERE wp_term_taxonomy.taxonomy = 'category'
GROUP BY wp_term_taxonomy.term_id
order by wp_terms.name
Hope this could help others.