How to rename Profile link in wp-admin page

Changing the menu title is easy enough, you just need to place this in your functions.php file –

add_action('admin_menu', 'my_change_admin_menu');
function my_change_admin_menu(){

    global $menu;
    $menu[70][0] = 'New profile menu title';

}

However, you cannot change the title of this page via WordPress, not the update button text, but if you really need to do so you can use some jQuery –

jQuery(document).ready(function($){

    $('#profile-page > h2').text('New profile menu title');
    $('#profile-page input#submit').attr('value', 'New updatew button text');

});