Just inspect the current post content for <!--nextpage-->
:
function wpse_check_multi_page()
{
$num_pages = substr_count(
$GLOBALS['post']->post_content,
'<!--nextpage-->'
) + 1;
$current_page = get_query_var( 'page' );
return array ( $num_pages, $current_page );
}
On page 2 of 3 that returns:
Array
(
[0] => 3
[1] => 2
)
On an unpaged post it returns:
Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => 0
)