There is a built in WordPress function for this, remove_post_type_support http://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/remove_post_type_support .
In your case you could use something like
add_action( 'init', 'my_custom_init' );
function my_custom_init() {
remove_post_type_support( 'custom_post_type_name', 'editor' );
}