If I understand you correctly, you want to display the parent Categories themselves, and not their posts, correct? get_terms
is what you need.
$top_level_categories = get_terms( 'category', array(
'parent' => 0, // This will get ONLY top level items
'hide_empty' => false // This will make sure even empty categories are returned
) );
print_r( $top_level_categories );