The problem lies in the attachment-filter=
URL parameter. The slash between application/pdf
(or else) is being escaped twice. When you replace the %252F
with a slash or %2F
the filter will work.
The first escaping (/
becomes %2F
) happens when WP is building the selectbox containing the mime types. The second one (%2F
becomes %252F
) is performed by the browser.
The easiest Solution would be to manually urldecode the URL param somewhere in PHP:
if ( isset( $_GET['attachment-filter'] ) )
$_GET['attachment-filter'] = urldecode($_GET['attachment-filter']);
Update: There is a WP core ticket on that issue: https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/30123
Once this gets fixed, the answer above will be obsolete.