Sometimes it’s easy to overthink things. I’m guilty of this with this issue. After a little frustration, I just tried to run the WordPress loop without a new query. So just a plain jane loop and it worked fine.
So my original issue was that on my archive-winemakers.php page, I have a custom taxonomy called wineregion. I needed to list all the cities or areas that grow wine in Arizona. With these listed, the user can then click (for example Tucson Arizona) the link and he/she would be directed to my taxonomy-wineregion.php page. Then on that page, all of the vineyards or wineries in Tucson would be shown on one page.
I suspect that given that the wine region query has been triggered, and you’re on the taxonomy page, that just running the loop gives you the results you need. Once in the loop, you can run the_title(), the_permalink() and everything else you would need to run in a basic loop.