So we all know that char is 8-bit, and wchar_t is 16-bit. (This isn’t always true, but it is on Windows with Microsoft compilers.) Many (nearly all) of the Windows APIs are implemented under the hood in two versions: one supports Unicode (multi-byte characters) and the other supports 8-bit national character sets. These two functions actually have slightly different … Read more
It’s in the standard library, and that’s the most straight forward way I can see to implement such a function. So yes, just loop through the string and convert each character to lowercase. Something trivial like this: or if you prefer one liners, then you can use this one by J.F. Sebastian:
They are user-defined signals, so they aren’t triggered by any particular action. You can explicitly send them programmatically: where pid is the process id of the receiving process. At the receiving end, you can register a signal handler for them:
You use pointers. Specifically, you use a pointer to an address, and using a standard c library function calls, you ask the operating system to expand the heap to allow you to store what you need to. Now, it might refuse, which you will need to handle. The next question becomes – how do you … Read more
I wrote this function to read a line from a file: The function reads the file correctly, and using printf I see that the constLine string did get read correctly as well. However, if I use the function e.g. like this: printf outputs gibberish. Why?
First off, you probably don’t want 0 for the has_arg field – it must be one of no_argument, required_arguemnt, or optional_argument. In your case, all of them are going to be required_argument. Besides that, you’re not using the flag field correctly – it has to be an integer pointer. If the corresponding flag is set, getopt_long() will fill it in with the integer you passed in via … Read more
bind() of INADDR_ANY does NOT “generate a random IP”. It binds the socket to all available interfaces. For a server, you typically want to bind to all interfaces – not just “localhost”. If you wish to bind your socket to localhost only, the syntax would be my_sockaddress.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(“127.0.0.1”);, then call bind(my_socket, (SOCKADDR *) &my_sockaddr, …). As it happens, INADDR_ANY is a constant that happens … Read more
You use the wrong format specifier %d– you should use %s. Better still use fgets – scanf is not buffer safe. Go through the documentations it should not be that difficult: scanf and fgets Sample code: Input: Output:
The simplest way is to read a character, and print it right after reading: c is int above, since EOF is a negative number, and a plain char may be unsigned. If you want to read the file in chunks, but without dynamic memory allocation, you can do: The second method above is essentially how you will read a file with a dynamically … Read more
Because 3.0 is a double. See C syntax Floating point types. Floating-point constants may be written in decimal notation, e.g. 1.23. Scientific notation may be used by adding e or E followed by a decimal exponent, e.g. 1.23e2 (which has the value 123). Either a decimal point or an exponent is required (otherwise, the number is … Read more