How much should I worry about these messages?

This is very common, it is a malicious query string most likely (99% time) done by a bot, I think option=com_simpledownload is actually a Joomla plugin, so obviously it won’t effect WordPress. You can see the detials here, http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2010-2122

Changing the default header name

Yes, it is possible. You can name this file whatever you want. In this case, you should use get_template_part instead of get_header to include this file in other templates. Or you can name it header-something.php and then use get_header(‘something’). PS. I hope I haven’t misunderstood your question.

Config file with no Keys..?

It is indeed a security issue to have those left as the defaults, but it is not an extremely serious issue. To mitigate the problem of known default salts, WordPress intentionally recognizes when those values are left as “put your unique phrase here” and will not use that phrase as a key/salt. Instead, it generates … Read more

Secure WordPress: Change admin

Sorry, if your username isnt admin (older versions) you really dont need to do that. What i would reccomend is for you to install 2-3 plugins ordered here by their importance: wordpress firewall 2 Limit Login attempts Wp Security Scan WordPress Firewall should stop must hack attempts directly on your site, Limit login should end … Read more

Safe to say WordPress security releases don’t have database upgrades

All the database upgrades can be seen in the code, in the wp-admin/includes/upgrade.php file. And yes, some of the point releases (including 3.5.2) contained “database upgrades”. Now, it is only very rarely that the actual database schema changes, but there are minor bugfixes in every point release, and sometimes they require a little database action. … Read more

Limit Login Attempts BEFORE PHP is executed?

If the “attack” is distributed, the only thing you can do is to change the url of the login endpoint. This should be easy to do with web server config (block /login and friends, map some other “slug” to wp-login.php). This will also break the automatic redirect from /wp-admin to /login which is a good … Read more

Hata!: SQLSTATE[HY000] [1045] Access denied for user 'divattrend_liink'@'localhost' (using password: YES)