get_template_directory_uri(), as the name suggests, gets the URI of the theme. You want the filesystem path, which is get_template_directory():
<?php require get_template_directory() . '/woocommerce/single-product/test.php' ?>
Better yet, use the WordPress template loading system:
<?php locate_template( 'woocommerce/single-product/test.php', true /* Locate AND load the file */ ) ?>