why my “recepie” category is not taken into account in my request

This explicit code is missing from your example and you should verify that you have at least these statements (plus any additional post tag functions, or analogous calls to “the_content()”) included exactly as this in your original code:

   while ( $the_query->have_posts() ) : $the_query->the_post(); 
       the_content();
   endwhile; 

This should roughly be at the location noted by this comment in your code:

    // The Loop

If your while statement is not specifically calling methods of $the_query, that would call up a default query that has already been run and that does not match your category query.