You may want to take a look at the code itself:
https://core.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tags/4.8/src/wp-includes/user.php#L1376
The above links to a documented list of the meta generated when WordPress generates a new user in the wp_create_user function.
From these comments I pulled a quick list:
user_pass, user_login, user_nicename, user_url, user_email,
display_name, nickname, first_name, last_name, description,
rich_editing, comment_shortcuts, admin_color, use_ssl,
user_registered, show_admin_bar_front, role, locale