Do something when user creates post (that’s pending)

If you want to target only one specific status change is probably easy / efficient use the
{$old_status}_to_{$new_status} filter, in your case:

add_action('draft-to-pending', 'do_something');
add_action('auto-draft-to-pending', 'do_something');

function do_something ( $post ) {
  // do something with the $post object
}

error code: 523