Exclude Taxonomy Terms from Template Via Back End?

You might be able to accomplish this using Advanced Custom Fields: http://www.advancedcustomfields.com/resources/taxonomy/

Field groups, like the taxonomy field, can be assigned to templates. Editing the taxonomy archive page, the user would see checkboxes (or radio buttons, or a select menu) for the taxonomy terms.

In the corresponding “taxonomy archive” template (from link above)…

<?php 

$terms = get_field('taxonomy_field_name');

if( $terms ): ?>

    <ul>

    <?php foreach( $terms as $term ): ?>

        <a href="https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/158328/<?php echo get_term_link( $term ); ?>"><?php echo $term->name; ?></a>

    <?php endforeach; ?>

    </ul>

<?php endif; ?>