Get posts by category name

list all the PAGES that are assigned to particular page(s).

I’m assuming you mean “particular term(s).” which would be in your clinical-programs taxonomy. You’ll have to do a bit of coding – you need to start a new WP_Query and structure your query as such:

$taxPages = new WP_Query( array(
    'post_type' => 'YOUR_POSTTYPE_HERE',
    'clinical-programs' => 'acne-and-rosacea',
    'posts_per_page' => 10
) );

You could then add this to a Page Template or you might want to even create a Taxonomy Template by copying your index.php and renameing it taxonomy-clinical-programs.php