1. If you need to display this informations once. For example in the page header, use get_queried_object().
echo get_term_meta( get_queried_object()->term_id, 'blue', true );
echo get_term_meta( get_queried_object()->term_id, 'red', true );
echo get_term_meta( get_queried_object()->term_id, 'green', true );
2. If you need to display this informations in the each post, you must create a small loop.
$terms = get_the_terms($post->ID, 'colors');
foreach ($terms as $term) {
$term_id = $term->term_id;
echo get_term_meta( $term_id, 'blue', true );
echo get_term_meta( $term_id, 'red', true );
echo get_term_meta( $term_id, 'green', true );
}