The default metaboxes are registred in the file wp-admin/includes/meta-boxes.php. There you can find the function post_categories_meta_box() which will generate the taxonomy metabox. Currently there is no hook available to filter the output. But you can do one of the following:
- Use
remove_meta_box()to remove the existing category metabox and register your own withadd_meta_box(). Copy&Past the existing code to your new metabox function and remove the code block from line345to367. - The cleaner way: Remove the
edit_termscapability from your user roles withremove_cap(). If you look in the metabox function, on line345you can see an if-statement which checks if the user has the capabilityedit_terms. If so, the+ Add New XYwill be displayed. Problem here, the name of the capability is dynamic and could be anything. If someone registers a taxonomy with a different capability naming, this will probably not work (untested).