REST API custom endpoint to fetch pages and posts not working

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First off, there’s a default endpoint for retrieving pages, but I presumed that you intentionally did not use it?

Now the issues with your code:

  1. That $request->get_params() gets all the parameters and not a single one. So for single parameters, you should use $request->get_param().

    $slug = $request->get_params('slug');  // incorrect
$slug = $request->get_param( 'slug' ); // correct

  2. The error 500 is likely because there’s no function named get_page_meta in WordPress. Did you mean to use get_post_meta?

    $page_meta = get_page_meta( $page->ID ); // incorrect
$page_meta = get_post_meta( $page->ID ); // correct
// or do you have a custom get_page_meta() function?

  3. As I already mentioned in your other question, the correct array key is methods and not method. And for the exact same callback (and parameters), you can supply an array of methods. (See below examples)

  4. I’m guessing you got the error 404 because you tried to make a POST request to your custom endpoint, in which case the error is expected since you haven’t added an endpoint for POST requests. So add it, like the examples here or see below:

    register_rest_route( 'theme/v1', '/pages', array(
    array(
        'methods'  => 'GET',
        'callback' => array( $this, 'get_page_data' ),
    ),
    array(
        'methods'  => 'POST',
        'callback' => array( $this, 'get_page_data' ),
    ),
) );

// or provide an array of methods:
register_rest_route( 'theme/v1', '/pages', array(
    'methods'  => [ 'GET', 'POST' ],
    'callback' => array( $this, 'get_page_data' ),
) );