Show a list of user posts in the user admin page

You can use edit_user_profile (when viewing other user profiles) and show_user_profile (when viewing your own profile) actions to add information on profile page.

So to have there the list of posts of the selected user you could add to your functions.php:

function show_user_posts_on_profile( $user ) {

    $args = array(
        'author' => $user->ID
    );
    $user_posts = get_posts( $args );
    ?>
        <h2>User Posts</h2>
        <ul>
            <?php foreach($user_posts as $user_post): ?>
                <li><a href="https://wordpress.stackexchange.com/questions/270941/<?php echo get_permalink($user_post->ID); ?>"><?php echo $user_post->post_title; ?></a></li>
            <?php endforeach; ?>
        </ul>
    <?php
}
add_action( 'show_user_profile', 'show_user_posts_on_profile' );
add_action( 'edit_user_profile', 'show_user_posts_on_profile' );