Stop `update_post_meta` from working each time page refreshes?

Looking over it again, it seems as though you’re inserting the post twice. wp_insert_post returns the following (from the codex):

The ID of the post if the post is successfully added to the database. On failure, it returns 0 if $wp_error is set to false, or a WP_Error object if $wp_error is set to true.

So you want to check that there’s an error on $thisid if the form was submitted:

<form action="" method="post">
    <input type="submit" value="Test" id="submit" name="submit">
    <?php
    // if post submit is set
    if(isset($_POST['submit'])){
        // setup the post parameters, best not to call this $post
        // as that may interfere with the global $post var in WP
        $postargs = array(
            'post_title'   => $column1,
            'post_status'  => 'draft',
            'post_type'    => 'bedrijf'
        );

        // attempt to insert the post
        $thisid = wp_insert_post ( $postargs, true);

        // if there was an error, return the codes
        if ( is_wp_error($thisid) ) {
            return get_error_codes();
        // if not, update the meta
        } else {  
            update_post_meta( $thisid, 'field_1223ewedwd3123', $column2);
        }
    }
    ?> 

</form>

Also, it looks as though you’re updating an ACF field? If so, you should use their update function over update_post_meta. Their update function will make sure to format the data correctly depending on the field type:

http://www.advancedcustomfields.com/resources/functions/update_field/