By declaring it global inside the function that accesses it: The Python documentation says this, about the global statement: The global statement is a declaration which holds for the entire current code block.
Compare this, without using nonlocal: To this, using nonlocal, where inner()‘s x is now also outer()‘s x: If we were to use global, it would bind x to the properly “global” value:
The $GLOBALS array can be used instead: From the Manual: An associative array containing references to all variables which are currently defined in the global scope of the script. The variable names are the keys of the array. If you have a set of functions that need some common variables, a class with properties may … Read more