For what it’s worth, a Dictionary is (conceptually) a hash table.
If you meant “why do we use the Dictionary<TKey, TValue> class instead of the Hashtable class?”, then it’s an easy answer: Dictionary<TKey, TValue> is a generic type, Hashtable is not. That means you get type safety with Dictionary<TKey, TValue>, because you can’t insert any random object into it, and you don’t have to cast the values you take out.
Interestingly, the Dictionary<TKey, TValue> implementation in the .NET Framework is based on the Hashtable, as you can tell from this comment in its source code:
The generic Dictionary was copied from Hashtable’s source
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